Orthopedic

Expert Orthopedic Care

From sports injuries to joint replacement, our board-certified orthopedic surgeons provide comprehensive musculoskeletal care using the latest surgical techniques and rehabilitation protocols.

Orthopedics, also known as orthopaedics, is a specialized branch of medicine that deals with the diagnosis, treatment, prevention, and rehabilitation of conditions affecting the musculoskeletal system. This vital system includes bones, joints, ligaments, tendons, muscles, and nerves—essential components that enable movement, support, and stability in the human body.

Orthopedic care is crucial for patients suffering from injuries, chronic conditions, congenital disorders, or age-related wear and tear that affect mobility and quality of life.

Symptoms & Causes of Bone and Joint Problems (Orthopedics)

Recognising the symptoms early can help in timely diagnosis and effective treatment. Here are the most commonly reported signs of orthopedic issues:

1. Pain

2. Swelling and Inflammation

3. Stiffness

4. Weakness or Instability

5. Deformities

6. Cracking or Popping Sounds

7. Numbness or Tingling

8. Fatigue or Limited Endurance

9. Difficulty Walking or Standing

Types of Orthopaedic Diseases

Orthopaedic diseases  are  health  conditions that  involve  the bones, joints, muscles, tendons, ligaments, and nerves — all  the  structures  of the musculoskeletal system. These conditions can range from mild to severe and may result from injury, age-related wear and tear, genetic disorders, infections, or autoimmune diseases.

Here are the most common types of orthopedic diseases:

Arthritis: A group of conditions causing joint inflammation, pain, and stiffness

Osteoarthritis: Resulting from wear and tear of cartilage, often involving knees, hips, and spine.
Rheumatoid Arthritis: An autoimmune disease causing chronic joint inflammation.
Psoriatic Arthritis: Affects people with psoriasis and leads to joint pain and swelling.
Gout: A Type of arthritis resulting from the accumulation of uric acid crystals in joints.

Osteoporosis: A Condition in which bones become thin, fragile, and more susceptible to breaking, most often in the spine, hips, and wrists.

Bone Infections (Osteomyelitis): A serious condition where bones become infected, often due to bacteria. Symptoms include pain, fever, and swelling. Requires prompt diagnosis and treatment.

Bone Cancer and Tumors

Benign Tumors: Non-cancerous but may require treatment if they affect bone structure or cause pain.
Malignant Tumors: Such as osteosarcoma, can be life-threatening and require surgery, chemotherapy, or radiation.

Degenerative Disc Disease: Age-related condition where spinal discs deteriorate, causing back pain, stiffness, and sometimes nerve compression.

Scoliosis and Spine Deformities: Abnormal spurring of the spine that can develop during childhood or adolescence. Severe cases may require bracing or surgery.

Tendon and Ligament Disorders

Tendinitis: Inflammation of tendons due to overuse.
Bursitis: Inflammation of bursae, fluid-filled sacs that reduce friction in joints.
Ligament Injuries: Such as ACL tears or sprains due to trauma or sports injuries.

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome: A nerve compression disorder affecting the wrist, causing pain, numbness, and tingling in the hand and fingers.

Developmental and Congenital Conditions

Clubfoot: A birth defect where one or both feet are twisted out of shape or position.
Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip (DDH): Involves the hip joint in children and infants.

Paget’s Disease of Bone: A long-term disease that makes bones larger and deformed by causing unusual bone remodeling.

Ankylosing Spondylitis: An inflammatory form of arthritis of the spine, resulting in chronic pain and stiffness.

Expert Diagnosis & Individualized Treatment: Our orthopedic team is experienced in diagnosing and managing a wide range of orthopedic diseases using advanced medical imaging, lab testing, and patient-centric treatment plans

Role of Orthopaedic Hospitals & Specialists: Orthopaedic hospitals and specialists play a critical role in the diagnosis, treatment, and management of musculoskeletal disorders. They provide both conservative (non-surgical) and surgical care, helping patients recover from injuries, manage chronic conditions, and maintain optimal mobility and quality of life.

Expert Diagnosis: Orthopaedic specialists are trained to accurately diagnose a wide range of musculoskeletal conditions. They use:

Advanced imaging techniques (X-rays, MRIs, CT scans)
Comprehensive physical examinations
Patient history analysis: These diagnostic tools help identify the root cause of pain, injury, or mobility issues, whether it’s a simple sprain or a complex condition like arthritis or a bone tumor.

Personalized Treatment Plans: Orthopaedic specialists create tailored treatment plans based on each patient’s condition, needs, and lifestyle. They focus on:

Pain management (medications, injections)
Physical therapy (rehabilitation exercises, mobility training)
Lifestyle modifications (diet, activity changes): The goal is to optimize recovery and prevent further injury or degeneration.

Conservative Treatments: Before resorting to surgery, orthopaedic specialists often employ non-surgical approaches, such as:

Medications (anti-inflammatory drugs, pain relievers)
Physical therapy to enhance muscle strength and flexibilityOrthotics and bracing to stabilize joints and prevent further damage
Injections (steroid, hyaluronic acid) to reduce inflammation or pain

Surgical Interventions: When non-surgical treatments are not enough, orthopaedic professionals are trained to conduct a broad spectrum of operations, including:

Joint replacement (hip, knee, shoulder)
Spinal surgery (discectomy, spinal fusion)
Repair of fractures with plates, screws, or rods
Arthroscopic surgery (minimally invasive joint procedures): Orthopaedic surgeons use advanced techniques, ensuring quicker recovery times, less scarring, and better outcomes for patients.

Rehabilitation & Post-Surgical Care: After surgery or injury, rehabilitation is key to regaining strength and mobility. Orthopedic hospitals offer:

Physiotherapy services to aid recovery
Pain management strategies (e.g., nerve blocks, medication)
Guided rehabilitation programs to help patients gradually return to their normal activities
Follow-up care to ensure that healing progresses well and complications are avoided

Specialized Care in Subfields: Orthopaedic hospitals usually employ experts in a number of subspecialties, such as:

Sports medicine: Treating athletic injuries such as ACL tears, rotator cuff injuries, and tendonitis
Pediatric orthopedics: Managing musculoskeletal conditions in children, like scoliosis, hip dysplasia, and congenital disorders
Spine surgery: Expertise in spinal disorders, ranging from herniated discs to spinal deformities
Joint replacement: Performing knee, hip, and shoulder replacements for patients with degenerative joint diseases.
Wrist and hand surgery: Correcting conditions such as carpal tunnel syndrome, arthritis, and tendon damage

Prevention & Education: Orthopaedic specialists also focus on preventive care to help patients avoid injuries and chronic conditions:

Ergonomic advice for workplaces
Sports injury prevention
Bone health education, especially for aging populations at risk of osteoporosis
Posture correction and movement strategies to avoid stress on the musculoskeletal system

Multidisciplinary Care: Orthopaedic specialists often work with other medical professionals, including:

Physiatrists (rehabilitation doctors)
Pain management specialists
Rheumatologists (for inflammatory joint diseases)
Neurologists (for nerve-related issues)
Nutritionists (for bone and joint health)

Innovative Treatments & Research: Orthopaedic hospitals are also centers for advanced treatments and research in musculoskeletal health, offering:

Stem cell therapy
Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injections
Robotic-assisted surgeries for precision and quicker recovery
They stay at the forefront of new medical technologies to improve patient outcomes.

Causes of Bone and Joint Problems

Orthopedic conditions may result from various causes, including lifestyle, injuries, medical conditions, and genetics. Let’s break them down:

Trauma or Injury

Accidents, falls, sports injuries
Fractures, dislocations, ligament tears (e.g., ACL)
Repetitive stress injuries (RSIs)

Aging and Degeneration

Natural wear and tear of cartilage and joints

Osteoarthritis  

The most frequent degenerative joint disease
Decreased bone density (osteopenia, osteoporosis)

Inflammatory Diseases

Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) – autoimmune disorder
Gout – excess uric acid in joints
Lupus and other systemic inflammatory conditions

Infections

Septic arthritis – joint infection
Osteomyelitis – bone infection
May occur after surgery, injury, or due to systemic infection

Congenital or Developmental Issues

Conditions present from birth
Clubfoot, scoliosis, limb length discrepancies
Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH)

Overuse or Repetitive Motion

Occupation- or sport-related overuse injuries
Tendonitis, carpal tunnel syndrome, bursitis

Nutritional Deficiencies

Calcium and Vitamin D deficiency
Contributes to brittle bones, rickets (children), osteomalacia (adults)

Metabolic or Endocrine Disorders

Diabetes, thyroid disorders, parathyroid disease
Can affect bone metabolism

Tumors

Benign (e.g., osteochondroma) or malignant (e.g., osteosarcoma)
Can cause bone pain, fractures, and deformities

Obesity

Places excessive stress on weight-bearing joints (knees, hips, spine)
Increases risk of early-onset arthritis and joint degeneration

Diagnostic Tests for Orthopedic Treatments

Proper diagnosis is the basis of successful orthopedic care. At our hospital, we utilize advanced diagnostic tools to evaluate bone, joint, and musculoskeletal conditions precisely. These tests help us determine the root cause of symptoms and create a personalized treatment plan.

X-Ray (Radiography): X-rays are the most frequent and necessary imaging examinations in orthopedics. They give distinct pictures of bones and joints, aiding in the detection of:

Fractures and dislocations
Bone deformities
Osteoarthritis and joint degeneration
Bone tumors or infections

MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging): MRI scans employ magnetic fields and radio waves to create detailed pictures of soft tissues like:

Ligaments and tendons
Cartilage damage (meniscus tear, labrum injuries)
Spinal disc herniation
Muscular injuries

CT Scan (Computed Tomography): A CT scan gives detailed cross-sectional pictures of bones and joints. It is especially useful for:

Complex fractures
Bone tumors
Pre-surgical planning
3D bone imaging

Bone Densitometry (DEXA Scan): DEXA (Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry) is used to measure bone mineral density. It helps in:

Diagnosing osteoporosis
Assessing fracture risk
Monitoring bone health over time

Ultrasound Imaging: Orthopedic ultrasound helps visualize soft tissues in real time. It is useful for:

Tendon and ligament injuries
Muscle tears
Joint inflammation and fluid accumulation
Guided injections

Arthroscopy (Diagnostic): In some cases, a minimally invasive arthroscopic procedure may be used for diagnosis. It entails putting a tiny camera inside the joint to visually examine:

Cartilage surfaces
Joint lining and ligaments
Unexplained joint pain

Electromyography (EMG) & Nerve Conduction Studies: These tests evaluate the electrical activity of muscles and nerves.They are used to diagnose:

Nerve compression (e.g., carpal tunnel syndrome)
Muscle weakness or dysfunction
Neuromuscular disorders

Blood Tests: Though not imaging-based, blood tests help detect:

Inflammatory conditions (e.g., rheumatoid arthritis)
Infections (osteomyelitis, septic arthritis)
Autoimmune disorders affecting joints

Procedures for Orthopaedic Treatment

Orthopedic treatments involve a wide range of procedures aimed at restoring function, relieving pain, and improving mobility in patients with musculoskeletal issues. Depending on the diagnosis, treatments may be non-surgical (conservative) or surgical in nature.

1. Non-Surgical Orthopedic Procedures:

Orthopedic care often begins with conservative approaches. These include:

Physical Therapy & Rehabilitation

Customised exercise programs
Post-surgery recovery support
Injury prevention and strength training

Medications

Pain relievers (NSAIDs)
Muscle relaxants
Disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) for arthritis

Corticosteroid Injections

Targeted injections to reduce inflammation and pain in joints or soft tissues

Hyaluronic Acid Injections

Lubricates joints, especially useful for osteoarthritis of the knee

Orthotic Devices

Braces, splints, and supports to immobilize or support injured areas

Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) Therapy

Regenerative injection therapy using the patient’s own blood components to promote healing

2. Surgical Orthopedic Procedures:

When non-surgical methods fail, surgical intervention may be required. Common orthopedic surgeries include:

Joint Replacement Surgery (Arthroplasty)

Total Knee Replacement
Hip Replacement
Shoulder Replacement: Used in advanced arthritis cases to restore joint function and relieve pain.

Arthroscopic Surgery

Minimally invasive surgery with a small camera and tools
Used for repairing torn ligaments (ACL), meniscus tears, and shoulder impingement

Fracture Fixation

Internal fixation using plates, screws, rods, or pins to stabilize broken bones

Spine Surgery

Discectomy: Removal of herniated disc material
Spinal Fusion: Joining two or more vertebrae
Laminectomy: Removal of spinal bone to relieve nerve pressure

Ligament & Tendon Repair

ACL reconstruction
Rotator cuff repair
Tendon transfer procedures

Corrective Osteotomy

Surgical cutting and realignment of bones to correct deformities

Amputation & Prosthetics

For severe trauma or infection where limb salvage isn’t possible
Fitted with advanced prosthetics for mobility

3. Post-Surgical Rehabilitation:

Every orthopedic procedure is followed by a tailored rehabilitation plan that includes:

Physiotherapy

Pain management

Mobility training

Lifestyle adjustments to aid recovery

Dr. Romil Rathi

Orthopedic & Joint Replacement Surgeon

Dr. Amit Nemade

Orthopedic & Joint Replacement Surgeon

Frequently Asked Questions

When should I see an orthopedic specialist?

You should consider seeing an orthopedic specialist if you experience persistent joint pain, limited range of motion, recurring injuries, or if your primary care doctor recommends it. We also treat acute injuries like fractures, dislocations, and severe sprains

What should I bring to my first orthopedic appointment?

Please bring your insurance cards, a list of current medications, any previous X-rays or MRI scans, and a detailed history of your symptoms including when they started and what makes them better or worse. Wear comfortable clothing that allows easy access to the affected area.

Do you offer same-day appointments for injuries?

Yes, we reserve time slots each day for urgent orthopedic injuries. For acute injuries like suspected fractures or severe sprains, we can often see you the same day. Call our office as early as possible for same-day availability.

What types of joint replacement surgeries do you perform?

We perform total and partial joint replacements for hips, knees, shoulders, and ankles. We use the latest techniques including minimally invasive approaches, computer-assisted surgery, and rapid recovery protocols to optimize outcomes and reduce recovery time

Book an Appointment

Ask for any Query by filling form